Fannie Mae - 2047 Words

Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Business Method and Philosophy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Corporate Growth and Diversity.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Figure Chart 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Fannie Mae Fannie Mae is a leading mortgage company and one of the most financially successful businesses within its industry. Given the salient features of the organization that has culminated into its current standing, this report offers a brief but concise overview of the corporation. The organization began as a part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, a program†¦show more content†¦A community credit union is a financial cooperative operating to lend money to its members. The constituents of a mutual organization put money into a collective, where it may then be disbursed to members in need of loans, at agreeable rates and with good terms. By eliminating the need to turn a profit, mutual organizations are able to give lower rates on loans than traditional banking organizations. The sub-prime lenders are considered, in some instances, as a last resort since they tend to give loans to people with a very low credit scores or an otherwise extremely high risk of default. This type of lender offers loans at exorbitant interest rates as a way of covering losses from the high default rate they experience with their borrowers. Fannie Mae does not hold onto all of the purchased mortgages. It will take the individual loans and package them up with hundreds of others and market them as mortgage-backed securities (MBS) that it then sells to investors (for example, insurance companies, pension funds). Fannie Mae provides a guarantee to these investors that they will receive timely principal and interest payments, no matter what happens with the underlying mortgages. If there are large numbers of defaults, Fannie Mae will have to make the investors whole, utilizing tax dollars. Investors can also buy sharesShow MoreRelatedFannie Mae Fannie Freddie Mortgage Finance System1766 Words   |  8 PagesFannie and Freddie remain two of the largest financial institutions in the world, responsible for a combined $5 trillion in mortgage assets. The primary function of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is to provide liquidity to the nation’s mortgage finance system. Fannie and Freddie purchase home loans made by private firms (provided the loans meet strict size, credit, and underwriting standards), package those loans into mortgage-backed securities, and guarantee the timely payment of principal and interestRead MoreEssay about Fannie Mae Case1377 Words   |  6 PagesFannie Mae case. Federal regulators noted a growing string of high profile scandals at major U.S. corporations in recent years. The number of fraud cases investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission jumped 41 percent in the last three years (112 cases in 2001 compare to 79 cases investigated in 1998), resulting in tens of millions of dollars in fines to settle the charges. I have decided to take a closer look at Fannie May. This company operates in the residential mortgage finance industryRead MoreFederal National Mortgage Association ( Freddie Mac )1034 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2008 two government sponsored enterprise (GSE), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), received the second-largest bailout in the United States, totaling $187 billion. The bailout of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac drew attention to the problems with too big to fail (TBTF) entities and government guarantees. The bailout highlighted the lack of market discipline and encouraged moral hazard. The erosion of the prerequisitesRead MoreAn Asset Price Bubble1286 Words   |  6 Pagesadvantage of the situation for benefiting in short run. 1.3 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Wallison and Pinto (2009) claimed that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have to take the responsibility for the lack of quality of mortgage (blemished credit, low or no down payments, negative amortization and the lack of documentation of income) that leads to the growth of the housing bubble. In 9 years (1994-2003), purchases of mortgages from Fannie and Freddie as a percentage of all mortgage originations increasedRead MorePennymac Loan Services Llc Financial Statement819 Words   |  4 Pagesmainly to gains in Mortgage Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value. Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s net worth requirement is a minimum net worth of $2.5 million plus 25 basis points of Unpaid Principal Balance (UPB) for total 1-4 unit residential mortgage loans serviced and a tangible net worth/total assets ratio greater than or equal to 6%. Ginnie Mae net worth requirement is equal to $2.5 million plus 0.35% of the issuer’s outstanding Ginnie Mae single-family obligations. As of all three year-end reportingRead MoreSubprime Mortgages And The Mortgage Crisis1546 Words   |  7 Pagesmortgage securities when they are issues. Other dealers in a secondary market sometimes redistribute securities. Mortgage securities are issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), or by government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (Freddie Mac, 2002). Mortgage securities are often priced at a higher yield that corporate or Treasury bonds. The opportunities forRead MoreLoan Agencies And The Federal Housing Authority976 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment introduced new laws and programs that would help people who have had their homes foreclosed or fell victim to a short sale,return to the buyer’s market. These people are called â€Å"boomerang buyers† in real estate terms. Loan agencies, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, have changed their guidelines to help boomerang buyers. The Federal Housing Authority has also assisted boomerang buyers by creating a program for people that have fell victim to the economic crisis. The option of renting to ownRead MoreKey Factors Affecting The Foreclosure Crisis1286 Words   |  6 Pagesthough Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac had not directly provided these types of no-down payment no-documentation loans, they had purchased them as an investment. As the defaults mounted and the losses grew, the value of Fannie’s and Freddie’s investments plummeted. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac became insolvent not solely because the mortgages they guaranteed had defaulted; they suffered more because these investment portfolios became worthless. Turns out, while no one was looking Fannie Mae and FreddieRead MoreA Note On Subprime Loans1565 Words   |  7 Pagescalled mortgage-backed securities, which derive their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased† (Subprime mortgage crisis). Pools of the loans were sold to federal government agencies like Ginnie Mae or a government sponsored-enterprise such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. In the movie, The Big Short, McKay states, â€Å"In the end, mortgage-backed securities mutated into a monstrosity that collapsed the whole world economy† (McKay). Additionally, securitization was the process ofRead MoreSimultaneously, The Community Reinvestment Act (Cra) Of1320 Words   |  6 Pagesthem to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and others† (Wessel, 2009, p. 117). And when you can theoretically spread risk around, especially to government guaranteed enterprises, you’re much more likely to accumulate more and more of it because higher risk also theoretically leads to higher returns. â€Å"When half or more of the mortgages the GSEs bought had to be made to people below that [median] income level, it was inevitable that underwriting standards had to decline. And they did. By 2000, Fannie was offering

Feminism in Gibsons Neuromancer - 2669 Words

Feminism in Gibson’s Neuromancer Regarded as the beginning of the â€Å"cyberpunk† movement, William Gibson’s classic novel Neuromancer, confronts the pronounced societal issues of feminism of the time. By distorting the female traits of his characters, Gibson illustrates that gender equality is only achieved when the female persona is able to transform away from both the desired and rejected feminist attributes imposed by societies fixed gender roles. Although the Cyberpunks are almost always male, Gibson’s portrayal of the female character, Molly, is quite rare and illustrates the perceptions of women during the time. Quite opposite to the soft and gentle woman Case marries and settles down with, Molly is depicted as a hard†¦show more content†¦It returned, but he still couldn’t read the features† (Gibson 18). In the final scenes, Neuromancer comments on Case’s visual failure by saying â€Å"he never saw Molly again† (Gibson 271).This final commentary is critical because it reveals that though intimate with Molly, Case is only able to see the outline of her existence, but never expose her actual being hidden behind her lenses. However, it is during the simstim scenes, that Case’s ocular frustration becomes truly visible. In one scene Molly â€Å"was moving through a crowded street, past stalls vending discount software†¦ For a few frightened seconds he fought helplessl y to control her body† (Gibson 56). Though Case is able to see through Molly’s eyes he is still unable to control her, rather she controls him by exposing his vulnerability as a result of only allowing only her view not what he chooses. This represents that though forced to become the embodiment of a male, Molly is able to utilize her female strengths to maintain control though physically sacrificed to the opposing sex. Later, Case comments on her control by saying, â€Å"he began to find the passivity of the situation irritating† (Gibson 56). Cases mirrors Rivera’s feeling of being threatened when in simstim scene because though experiencing through Molly, Case is unable to suppress her mind or control her body, taking away his masculine empowerment. In both cases, Gibson illustrates that it through theShow MoreRelated Feminism in William Gibsons Neuromancer Essay716 Words   |  3 PagesFeminism in Neuromancernbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Neuromancer is an amazingly complex novel. Being one of the first of its kind, Gibson tells a chilling tale of a world where computers, and a thing called the matrix, become more real than reality. The story, set in the not-so-distant future, has our hero, Henry Dorsett Case, embarking on an adventure that stretches the limits of the readers imagination. But even though Case is our main character, there are others with as much or more power and

What is Economic Uncertainty and Volatility Free Essays

Uncertainty and volatility are common attributes of today’s national economies. While Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) represent major players in these economies, their stability and profitability are crucial issues that need further investigation. This statement is particularly significant in the Saudi Arabian context, because such enterprises have relatively recently begun to emerge and are beginning to play a dominant role in the country’s economy. We will write a custom essay sample on What is Economic Uncertainty and Volatility? or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the same time, the SME sector in Saudi Arabia is currently facing many barriers related to their relatively new economic situation (Kuada, 2006), as the atmosphere of the economic world is constantly changing and tends to be somewhat uncertain. As a result, companies, including SMEs, need to be more creative and flexible as they seek to get maximum profits in the minimum amount of time. Moreover, it has been noted that human resources play a vital role for every company to achieve its goals (Barney Wright, 1998), hence most companies seek to recruit high aptitude managers who can be a valuable addition to a workplace and can lead a company to achieve sustained success. In this respect, employee retention is considered one of the most serious challenges facing the stability of small organizations, since employee turnover can be harmful and expensive. When an employee intends to leave the company voluntarily, the issue is of such importance that numerous researchers have investigated the causes and effects of voluntary turnover (Al-A’Raj, 1989). Whilst the cost of losing skilled employees can be harmful for any organization (Ballinger, Craig, Cross, ; Gray, 2011), it is particularly so in SMEs as the effect is proportionally greater. According to O’Connell and Mei-Chuan (2007), the average cost of employee turnover is approximately $13,996 per employee. Further, Ballinger, Craig, Cross and Gray (2011) estimate that the direct cost of hiring and training a new employee can range from 25% to 500% of the employee’s annual salary, and, as such, Boushey and Glynn (2012) found that the replacement of highly educated executive employees averages 213% of the annual salary bill for a company. It has been noted that because this significant turnover is such a costly process (Al-A’Raj, 1989), it could lead to serious negative consequences for an organization. Indeed, in some situations, the consequences of significant turnover rates could expand beyond the organization to influence the labour market, the economic cycle and communities in general. Furthermore, Hyson (2016) and George (2015) argue that an organization can both conserve knowledge and manage resources more cost-effectively through being proactive in attempting to retain valuable employees. As a result of such deliberate actions to maintain staff, organizations are likely to increase their overall performance and develop long-term stability. In this respect, it has been suggested that manager behaviour plays a vital role in staff turnover. For example, Snyder and Lopez (2009) have specifically asserted that the encouragement of skilled employees by managers is vital in this regard. Of particular interest to the current study is that, in the SME sector, because enterprises are fiscally smaller their resources are generally scarcer. In the light of this scarcity, employee turnover is a more harmful occurrence than in large organizations which are able to absorb the consequential additional financial outlay described above. For this reason, the SME sector constitutes an important area for further research. Moreover, researchers analysing the behaviour of managers in SMEs report that the manager’s emotional intelligence is of great importance, as it significantly affects the management processes and outcomes within their enterprises. It is telling that the debate over topics related to EI and employee’s behaviour is ongoing in different cultures and parts of the world (Ang et al., 2007) , and it is asserted here that the role of EI in reducing turnover is one particular area that requires further investigation. Therefore, it is postulated that the analysis of the role of EI in the SME context should be carefully investigated in order to understand the way it affects employee’s retention outcomes in Saudi Arabia. It has also emerged that there is an extensive amount of controversy surrounding whether there are any differences in the levels and perceptions of EI in managers from different backgrounds and cultures, and, in addition, to what extent EI can be affected by these factors. limited research has been conducted on the relationship and/or link between EI and employee turnover in SMEs, specifically in the Middle Eastern context. Thus, this research aims to fill an important void in the literature. How to cite What is Economic Uncertainty and Volatility?, Papers

The Idea Of Originality In Postmodernism Art Essay Example For Students

The Idea Of Originality In Postmodernism Art Essay A figure of postmodern theoreticians and creative persons have questioned whether there is such thing as originality in art. Discuss this issue with mention to illustrations of the work of one or more recent creative persons who have questioned the impression of originality in their work. Postmodernism rejects the modern thought of originality as the new, and substitutes it with a combination of elements from the yesteryear. One of the chief features of Postmodernism was its rupturing down of boundary lines between manners and assorted cultural elements and the progress towards seeking something new and original was discarded and substituted with an merger of elements from past and bing civilizations. ( Perina 2006 ) Postmodernism distances the topic, to declare the decease of individuality. It leads to the reprocessing of objects and images from the past to make a more existent and personal experience. There is excessively much information for us to treat and do sense of and we are trapped in a universe of second-hand experiences, dependent upon media representation of the universe instead than our first-hand experience. ( Crouch 1999 ) Originality as observed by modern-day creative persons, borrows to a great extent from postmodernist discourse. This essay will look at the plants of several postmodern creative persons who participate in a review and deconstruction of the myth of traditional originality whilst at the same time seeking new ways to take their art in new and unexpected waies. It farther inquires into the positions of good known art authors and critics who acknowledge the manner in which the arrangement of an graphics in a different context, or the re-working of an original image or images from the yesteryear can confer it an full new apprehension, hence allowing an component of originality. Sherrie Levine, Andy Warhol and their many followings questioned and re-positioned issues around writing and the original in artistic pattern. This bequest is of import to research as the appropriated image and the pastiched image is so cardinal in today s art and commercial pattern particularly since the growing of digital imagination. ( Hammerstingl 1998 ) Sherrie Levine ( B. 1947 ) is a primary illustration of a postmodern creative person who confronts the issues environing postmodernist appropriation. Her review of writing and aura are cardinal to Sherrie Levine s brave and influential deconstruction of the modernist myths of originality in many of her re-appropriations of eminent plants by male creative persons. ( Delacour 2009 ) Since the early 1980 s, Levine has made a calling out of re-using or appropriating celebrated plants of art, frequently by doing new versions of them and puting them in different contexts. ( Walker Art Center 2007 ) Her plants have been understood as a commentary on the decease of Modernism and its ideals, impressions of artistic originality, the genuineness and liberty of the art object and its position as a trade good. ( Museum of Modern Art 2010 ) Levine s Fountain ( After Marcel Duchamp: A.P. ) ( 1991 ) , ( Fig. 1 ) is an unmistakeable mention to Marcel Duchamp s celebrated 1917 piece Fountain ( Fig. 2 ) . Cast in bronze to a extremely polished coating, it transforms an mundane object into a beautiful and pretentious piece which is presented on a narrow base that closely resembles the show of Duchamp s Fountain. Levine strove for entire historical truth by turn uping a urinal from the indistinguishable maker and twelvemonth that Duchamp used, although she was unable to happen the exact theoretical account. ( Buskirk 2003 ) Figure 2 Marcel Duchamp, B. 1887, French, Fountain ( 1917 ) , porcelain, 360 ten 480 ten 610 millimeter Figure 1 Sherrie Levine, B. 1947, American, Fountain ( After Marcel Duchamp: A.P. ) ( 1991 ) , bronze, 14.514.2525 inches When compared to Duchamp s sculpture, it is apparent that Levine s Fountain is non an exact reproduction. Most notably, Duchamp s piece was an existent urinal which was turned inverted and remained unchanged apart from his signature. In contrast, Levine s urinal is more modern-day and has been cast in bronze, the traditional metal of sculpturers. ( Walker Art Center 2007 ) This usage of bronze in such a manner makes mention to another creative person, Constantine Brancusi, who was ill-famed for bring forthing sculptures in extremely polished bronze ( Buskirk 2003 ) . When polished to a superb radiance Levine s urinal no thirster remains a common, boughten point. Alternatively it has been transformed by the creative person into a alone object. ( walkerart ) Writer and critic Martha Buskirk remarks that despite the blatantly obvious mention to Duchamp s readymade, Levine s urinal has been transformed into a typical piece as a consequence of this pick to hold it cast from extremely poli shed bronze. ( Buskirk 2003 ) Due to the rewording of the fountain in bronze, she raises the inquiry of is the sculpture any longer a readymade? Due to the stuff features of it being altered. By recasting the urinal, Levine challenges the map of the readymade as approaching heterosexual from the manners of production of society. Her object is no longer inextricably tied to its presence in mundane society. ( Buskirk 2003 ) Buskirk states that in one sense, Levine s Fountain is non a transcript at all because she did non necessitate the original Duchamp fountain to make a reproduction. Alternatively she attended the same beginning as Duchamp, which was the kingdom of mass production. Her piece triggers a history of mentions to past readymades and reproduction of the mundane object. ( Buskirk 2003 ) American Revolutionary War - Ticonderoga and Crown EssayFigure 6 Andy Warhol, B. 1928, American, Brillo Soap Pads Boxes ( 1964 ) , silkscreen and acrylic boxes, 43.2 ten 43.2 ten 35.6 centimeters each It could be argued that Brillo Soap Pads Boxes, and much of Andy Warhol s work, is absent of any sort of originality due to its about indistinguishable resemblance to the original merchandise in which he had no engagement in the creative activity of, nevertheless he makes a dramatic part via his insightful review of the alluring nature of trade good in a civilization driven by mass media. He achieves this through his usage of repeat. The anon. writer who designed or photographed the merchandises adopted by Warhol for usage within his work becomes replaced by the creative person who remarks on the merchandises cultural acquaintance, an act of recontextualizing. ( Buskirk 2003 ) In Warhol s Flowers ( 1965 ) ( Fig. 7 ) , he appropriated an image of flowers that he found in a 1964 issue of Modern Photography magazine. When the lensman of the exposure, Patricia Caufield discovered that Warhol had appropriated her image she filed a case against him for conflicting on right of first publication as she was able to claim legal writing. The instance was settled out of tribunal, with Warhol offering to give Caufield two of his Flower pictures. When analysed, it is apparent that there exists several differences between Caufield s image and Warhol s appropriation. First of wholly he cropped the exposure so that it focussed on four flowers ; the image has been flattened by the remotion of item and the adding of solid blocks of coloring material within the flowers. His alterations in medium, graduated table and coloring material helped to transform the image well. ( Buskirk 2003 ) Figure 7 Andy Warhol, B. 1928, American, Flowers ( 1965 ) , man-made polymer pigment and silkscreen ink on canvas, 4848 inches. Although the original exposure that Warhol sourced to establish many of his graphicss on were neither taken by or owned by him, his works become original by the mode in which he re-works them and exhibits them. It is really difficult to confound writing as Warhol upholds a manner that is distinctively his ain. He takes ordinary images and through his changes of them makes them extraordinary. ( Buskirk 2003 ) In each of the instances presented, the creative persons have exercised an act of recontextualisation by taking a recognizable object or image and transforming it by changing how it is made or where it is found. Through this procedure each of the creative persons has achieved the act of both recognizing and admiting the original writer whilst claiming writing for themselves via the procedure of this recontextualisation? . ( Buskirk 2003 ) The diverse ways that creative persons have adopted and transformed these familiar images and objects moreover articulate a complex layering of citation and mention that exemplifies modern-day art. ( Buskirk 2003 ) In add-on, the artistic merchandise desires a step of creativeness on the audience s portion. The spectator contributes to the creative activity of plants via their readings and ratings of them. ( Leddy 1994 ) Gallic literary theoretician and critic Roland Barthes attributes authorship to the reader who shapes significance and apprehension. Barthes created Hagiographas that straight suggested the thought of Death of the Author as a cardinal post-modern construct. ( Hammerstingl 1998 ) He states To give a text an Writer and delegate a individual, matching reading to it is to enforce a bound on that text. Roland Barthes asserts that each piece of composing or graphics contains multiple beds and significances. In a well-known citation, Barthes draws an analogy between text and fabrics, declaring that a text is a tissue of citations, drawn from countless centres of civilization, instead than from one, single experience. The indispensable significance of a work depends on the feelings of the reader, instead than the passions or gustatory sensations of the author ; a text s integrity lies non in its beginnings, or its Godhead, but in its finish, or its audience. ( New World Encyclopedia 2008 ) To summarize, Barthes attributes authorship to the reader who forms significance and apprehension. To repeat, it is non the value and map that an object relies on to pass on with its audience, but its veiled mentions and codifications from the past that permit a more single perceptual experience. The originality and genuineness of the primary beginning ceases to be imperative in postmodernist art. Alternatively it is the recycled message which is constructed upon the unconscious memories and perceptual experiences from the past that gives command to new perceptual experiences and new positions of originality. The merger of non-referring manners united together helps to make a new original , assembled from good identified masters of the yesteryear. Equally the postmodernist construct of deconstruction utilises the intercommunication amid the influence and continual procedure of mentioning. ( Perina 2006 )

U.S. Switch to Metric System free essay sample

The United States Should Switch to the Metric System One crucial, yet widely unnoticed issue plagues the United States of America today: the country simply faces a stubborn unwillingness to convert to the metric system. America spends millions of dollars on keeping the U. S. customary system in place. The refusal to convert hinders the country’s progress in the global economy. A conversion failure even sent a poor satellite hurtling towards destruction on the surface of Mars (Wheeler). The United States needs to convert to the metric system as soon as possible. The metric system consists of a decimal system containing units of volume, mass, temperature, and length in liters, grams, degrees Celsius, and meters. It stands as, by far, the most widely used unit system in the world. Gabriel Mouton of France created the original metric system in 1670 (MacLeod). The system spread through most of Europe by the mandate of Napoleon Bonaparte during his reign as Emperor of France (MacLeod)(Appendix A). We will write a custom essay sample on U.S. Switch to Metric System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the beginning of America, people campaigned to use the metric system instead of the Customary System, which the United States inherited from Britain. Two of America’s presidents, Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams, endorsed the metric system in the early years of the United States, but despite their efforts, they never managed to convert the country (Chapman). Later, in the 20th century, movements such as the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 and the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 were passed with the intention of enforcing the metric system. Today, the metric system has still not been established in America, despite multiple attempts to do so. The fight for the metric system has been occurring for hundreds of years, which seems like enough time for congress to pass at least one piece of legislation regarding the issue. Two hundred years ago, George Washington, the first president of the United States, articulated his desire for â€Å"uniformity in currency, weights and measures† (MacLeod). Since then, not much has changed. However, politicians in the past have given it their best effort. In 1975, the U. S. Metric Conversion Act, which encouraged the voluntary transition to the metric system by companies, was passed by Congress, but it faced the intense scrutiny of Americans who thought it was a gambit by Russian Communists to weaken America (Garfinkel). In 1988, the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act was passed, requiring all government agencies to use the metric system, though only 22 of 37 complied (Chapman)(Appendix B). This law, however, is still in effect. This means that not only is it foolish not to use the metric system, it is also illegal in the public sector. Most other countries in the world mandated the metric system years ago, but when they did it, their citizens actually listened. Why does the United States still cling to the U. S. Customary System of Measurements, while all the other countries in the world, excluding Liberia and Myanmar, follow the metric system (Bohren and Strauss)? Credence can be lent to the assumption that if everyone else is doing something, then there is very likely a good reason, and it is best to follow suit. Most of the world uses the metric system; therefore, in order to keep up with the world, especially in terms of trade, it is necessary that the United States convert to the metric system as well. As Michael Chapman said, â€Å"international trade involves metric-sized products. † Applying the metric system to U. S. trade will create new jobs for the new markets created and increase trade by an estimated 20% (Chapman). Metric-sized exports will particularly increase trade with Canada, Mexico, and many European countries, which have already mandated the metric system and have no need for the current U.S. exports measured in inches and feet (Chapman). Currently, such countries do not like trading with the U. S. due to the complexity of its measurement system and the conversions that must be made. Americans, however, seem to think that the metric system is the one that complicates things. If there is one thing Americans love, it is simplicity. For this reason, it is surprising tha t they would choose to keep around an archaic system of weights and measures whose definitions and conversions are murky even to the most intelligent people. The metric system is much simpler than the English Customary system; everything is a multiple of 10. One meter is equal to 100 centimeters, which is equal to 1000 millimeters. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius and freezes at zero degrees Celsius. One centimeter cubed is equal to one milliliter. It is a very simple system with conversions that are easy to compute and easy to remember. Meanwhile, English Customary System units do not convert so easily. One gallon is equal to eight pints. One yard is equal to three feet. One mile is equal to 1,760 yards. One foot is equal to 12 inches. Water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit and freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. These conversion factors are all based on different numeral values and are extremely difficult to remember. Along with that, there are several random and silly extra measures of weight and area such as tons and acres, which just add more values to remember. According to a National Review article from 2011, the English Customary System is in fact so inconsistent that its units have been defined in terms of metric units since Grover Cleveland was president. If Americans truly value simplicity, then the logical step would be to simplify measurements and switch to metric. Along with love of simplicity, Americans also hate confusion. An article from 1994, in the Associated Press, gives another reason against the metric system; the Government Accountability Office (GAO) found that the majority of Americans were concerned it could be confusing (Associated Press). The majority of Americans, it appears, do not like change, and would rather struggle with their medieval English Customary System than switch to a better, albeit different, metric system. It is true that the new units will take some getting used to, especially to those who have spent their entire lives with the English Customary System. It is also true that some people may be ripped off or swindled due to their lack of understanding of value per unit. However, the human brain has an amazing capability to change and as a result, most people will catch on to the new system soon enough. Over time, as new generations are taught in the ways of the metric system and the intransigent older generations die off, the metric system will become the norm, leaving the English Customary System as nothing but a relic. Hopefully the younger generations will have minds open enough to see past the financial barrier of switching to the metric system, and on to the benefits it entails. The United States of America is currently trillions of dollars in debt, so it seems that right now the last thing the country needs is another huge, money-consuming project. Switching to the metric system would be just that. In order to completely metricize the country, all remnants of the English Customary System would be cast away. That means millions of dollars’ worth of machine parts, tools, electronics, and English Customary System-measured products would be wasted. Almost every tool involved in manufacturing would have to be modified, replaced, or repurposed. â€Å"The Nuclear Regulatory Commission estimates that it will cost the agency $2 to $3 million to convert to metrics† (Chapman). That is two to three million dollars to convert just one of hundreds of government industries. Added up, it would cost the United States government untold billions of dollars to convert to the metric system. However, an important thing to recall regarding this situation is NASA’s Mars Climate Orbiter, which in 1999 went careening off course and was either destroyed by Mars’ atmosphere or lost in space. This was caused mostly by a simple failure to convert units from English Customary to metric (Wheeler). The loss of the $125 million satellite was one blunder out of the multiple potential blunders that might occur due to the United States continuing to use the English Customary System. If things continue the way they are going, over time, these mistakes will add up to more than the billions of dollars it would take to metricize the nation. Should the United States switch to the metric system, it is also probable that the aforementioned trade benefits from doing so will eventually outweigh the cost of conversion. As an added bonus, to make the switch, thousands of new jobs will need to be created to make new parts and adjust machines. This will decrease the high unemployment levels that are plaguing the nation, and the economy will be boosted by the influx of money from the newly employed individuals. Overall, the future will be brighter and more profitable than the traditions which the United States holds on to. Tradition weighs heavily in the actions and decisions of Americans. Citizens of the United States try to evince the spirit of patriotism by holding onto traditions in whatever way then can. One of those traditions is the English Customary System, which has been a part of America since it began and can almost be considered a part of the culture. The English Customary System is all that many people know in terms of systems of units. It does not matter if it is not the best system in the world; it has been around since the start and the common mentality stands that, â€Å"If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it. † To convert to the metric system would mean that, â€Å"Workers would have to be retrained, tools replaced, machinery modified, map distances changed, etc. Food and clothing sizes would change. Everything† (Chapman). Nobody wants to go through all that, especially when he or she is committed to a system that is hundreds of years old and a part of their country’s culture and patriotism. However, that may not be the most patriotic mindset to have. In reality, many of the founding fathers and first presidents, the original patriots, were opposed to the English Customary system and rallied behind the metric system to be the national standard (MacLeod). So, in essence, to be truly patriotic would be to follow the standards set by the founding fathers and support the metric system. Despite the fear that surrounds change, changing the United States’ culture will not necessarily a negative outcome. Cultures change all the time to adapt to the current era. It used to be within the boundaries of propriety to own African people as slaves. That is now neither socially acceptable nor a part of American culture. The majority of people view this as a pleasant change. The same thing applies to metric conversion. Should the United States convert to the metric system, it too will become part of the country’s culture and many people will regard it as a pleasant change as well. In the current world, it is imperative that the United States convert to the metric system. The rest of the world uses it, it is a simpler system, and it is mandated by law in America for many agencies. One can argue that the metric system will confuse Americans, that it will be too expensive, or that the traditions of the past must be upheld. However, all of these issues can be circumvented with a little forward thinking. There is no obstacle that the United States cannot overcome as a country, so why should the barrier between different unit systems stand as one not yet hurdled? The answer is simple; it should not. The barrier needs to be broken and the metric system needs to be let into this country, if not because it is the smart thing to do, at least because it is the American thing to do. Appendix A â€Å"Later, as his armies fought their way across Europe, Napoleon forcibly imposed the system most of the world uses today. † Appendix B â€Å"The law in question concerns the use of the metric system of weight and measure as enacted by the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 and amended in the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988. This amendment on metric usage (Public Law 100-418, Section 5164) declares that the policy of the nation is to designate the metric system as the preferred system of measurement for trade and commerce, and requires each federal agency to use metric units in all or as many of its procurements, grants, and other business-related transactions as is economically feasible by the end of fiscal year 1992. According to a report by the Congressional Research Service at the end of fiscal year 1992, the Justice Department does not appear to be complying with the [metric usage] law. The Justice Department is not alone.

See How People Share Their Experience of Using Our Service

See How People Share Their Experience of Using Our Service College-Homework-Help.org See How People Share Their Experience of Using Our Service College-Homework-Help.org Testimonials TrustScore 4.0 | 4 reviews I had a few comments on the content of the case study. And I'm glad that the support works quickly. Fortunately, everything was fixed according to my remarks. From my own experience, I can say that a correctly explained task to the author guarantees a good result. And I hope that the service will take into account my recommendations. TrustScore 5.0 | 3 reviews At first, I was afraid to order. I was worried about the result. Yes, not everything was perfect, but I appreciate the work of the authors of this service highly. Do not be afraid to order here, I have already had my positive experience here and I recommend it to you. TrustScore 3.0 | 4 reviews Usually, I do not write reviews. But in this case, I think that the information will be useful to the same college students as I am. Due to sports and numerous hobbies, I do not have much time to study. I order essays and other works here for the third time already and I am very pleased that I save my time. TrustScore 4.0 | 3 reviews First I will say what I did not like. I had to explain too much about the task. Maybe this is normal, but I spent more time than I expected. A positive point is that the work was highly appreciated. I did not even pretend on it, I just wanted to make my teacher to be satisfied with the result. College-Homework-Help.org in press I liked that they did my task on time. Really, I expected something to go wrong so I fail the exam at the university. It matters to me what kind of text I get. So I checked it by myself. Maybe it could be written better, but I was satisfied. I assumed that would order the text once. I needed to hand it over urgently and had a few time for essay. But now I realized that I can use this service and not spend time on writing, I do not know how to do this work and don't like to. The author of course was not the best... I think that they have better ones. But I did not choose the highest payment though. Oh! You can’t even imagine how hard it is for me to write a text. Especially if it is evaluated and affects my rating, I run into a trouble... I read the work that I paid for. Well, what to say? Maybe not the best text that I have ever read in my life. But I got a good grade. And did not pay much. You know, how it happens? When the teacher gives his assignment for the research paper, and you are in shock. You don’t know where to run and whom to ask how to do it. Because no one knows! From the results of my order, I understood that they have authors who are well versed in this topic. They wrote such papers many times, and do not react to a task with such frightened eyes as mine. There are a lot of services on the Internet. But I looked at the interface of this one and realized that the project is serious. Expected more, but I think I will order the second time. I was lucky to have a lot of time before the deadline and I gave my comments to the support team. The author has corrected everything. Perhaps I should have been more precise in shaping the task.

Lesson Plan for Pain Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Lesson Plan for Pain Management - Assignment Example The American Pain Society labeled it as the â€Å"5th Vital Sign† (Campbell, 1995, as cited in Smeltzer & Bare, 2003, p. 217). As with all vital signs, doctors and allied health personnel continuously strive to keep it within acceptable parameters to maintain homeostasis. Pain management â€Å"encompasses all interventions used to understand and ease pain, and, if possible, to alleviate the cause of pain† (Krapp, 2002, p. 1804). It means that pain management is not just the intervention but also the assessment, evaluation, and continuous monitoring of pain. To better understand and treat pain, it is important to know how it is produced and transmitted to the brain. Elaine Marieb and Katja Hoehn (2006) talk about â€Å"noxious stimuli – a term for anything that damages the body† (A closer look section, "Pain: Sound the Alarm, But Pain Me Not!", Pain reception, para. 1), and how it can start a whole avalanche of chemical and neurological reactions which, rea ching the brain, translate into pain. Different pain management techniques affect various body parts which may be involved in that reaction. Understanding specifically how an intervention works on pain is a key to choosing the best intervention for all kinds of pain. This lesson is geared to teaching students about different kinds of pain and how they affect the body; factors and barriers that may affect pain and pain management; proper and accurate pain assessment and the different tools used; different interventions, both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic, and the formulation of nursing care plans used in the management of pain. We also tackle some specifics such as the World Health Organization's â€Å"three step ladder approach† to pain intervention. Objectives: - Given five minutes of the time, students will elaborate two of the four concepts of physiology of pain as discussed in class. -For fifteen minutes prior to the discussion proper, students will discuss common mi sconceptions about pain. - Given a situational example, students will describe three technological applications in pain management. - In an oral presentation, students will identify ten of the 12 discussed pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for pain. - Given a hospital scenario involving a child, students will discuss the role and responsibilities of the nurse in the pain management. - Given five minutes of the class time, students will identify and explain three out of the four components of pain assessment discussed in class. - Given a situation that involves a 65-year old woman with back pain and shortness of breath, students will develop a nursing care plan and evaluate the patient’s response to the pain management. -Without the aid of class notes, student will describe two out of the three identified barriers to effective pain management. Teaching/Learning theory: 1. Experiential Learning Theory – This is the learning theory developed by Carl Ro gers, applied primarily to adult learners. This learning theory designates the teacher as a facilitator of learning since everyone has the potential to learn (Zimring, 1994, pp. 411-422). Rationale: According to Zimring (1994), experiential learning contains a principle that involves doing, living, and acting out what you have learned to make it more meaningful (pp. 411-422). Pain management is an applied skill. Through its application (i.e. by role play activity), learning can be made more meaningful. Another principle of experiential lear

WHAT IS NOT PHILOSOPHY Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WHAT IS NOT PHILOSOPHY - Coursework Example However, philosophy does not seek such knowledge as a way of making man a better believer of God. Philosophy is not a quest for the supernatural (Vaughan, n.d.). It primarily deals with the search of knowledge for a better understanding and self-satisfaction. If it were a quest for supernatural, philosophy could focus on mystical issues such as magic, witchcraft, or even UFO sightings as a way of strengthening human believe in them. If a philosopher studies a mystical issue such as witchcraft, he does it primarily to answer whether witchcraft exists, how it feels to be bewitched, the power of bewitching, and what it takes to bewitch. However, the philosopher does not seek such knowledge as a way of doing witchcraft better or even proving that it exists. Philosophy is not a search for the meaning of life (Vaughan, n.d.). It does not attempt to explain why creatures live or their purpose in life. Philosophy tries to explain what life entails and how it differs from death. Philosophy tries to explain life in terms of existence, what it takes to exist, and how existence is ordered. Thus, philosophy does not attempt to provide the ultimate purpose of

CVS Caremark Company`s Finantial results Research Paper

CVS Caremark Company`s Finantial results - Research Paper Example Similar increases and trends were seen in the net income of the company where a decrees was seen in year 2010 as compared to year 2009 followed by an increase in year 2011 where the reported net income was $3,461 million. The company’s debt to equity ratio in 2011 can be calculated as 24% which is reasonable when compared to industry average of 25% which means company have balanced structure of finance and is doing well. The current ratio of the company for year 2011 is 1.5 as compared to industry ratio of 1.6. The company is doing well when it comes to its liquidity position and seems to have enough cash resources cash dividends were also increased from 35 cents/share in 2010 to 50 cents/share in 2011. Further all the positivity in the financial results were reflected in an increase in the stock price of the company too which increased from $34.77 to $40.78 in year 2011 with an increase of 17.3%. The EPS of the company has also improved from $ 2.49 in 2010 to $ 2.59 in 2011 w ith an increase of 4%. Overall the company has a strong financial position with growth and stability in the company. (CVS Caremark. Annual Report 2011) Coinstar Inc. Financial Results: Coinstar Inc. ... ’s recorded revenue in year 2009 was $1,032 million, in year 2010 it increased to $1,436 million where an increase of 39% was seen and in year 2011 these results were increased to $1,845 million, with an increase of 28%. Similar increases and trends were seen in the net income of the company where an increase was seen in year 2010 as compared to year 2009 followed by an increase in year 2011 where the reported net income was $103 million. The company’s debt to equity ratio in 2011 can be calculated as 68% which is almost double when compared to industry average of 38% which means company relies too much on debt as a source of finance and doesn’t have a balanced structure of finance. The current ratio of the company for year 2011 is 1 as compared to industry ratio of 2. The company seems to have major cash flow issues which are evident from the non-payment of dividends and the increased debt to equity ratio which means the company is paying heavy finance costs. Ov erall the company is profitable but seems to have some concerning areas like cash flow issues due to using debt as source finance. (Coinstar Inc. Annual Report 2011) The CVS Company is a huge company as compared to Coinstar. The CVS has a strong financial status with billions of dollars of sales and large scale of operation while the Coinstar though has a lot of presence in many countries is also a profitable business. The revenues and reporting profits of both the companies are growing and it is always a wise idea to acquire a company with increasing revenues as is seen in Coinstar. The revenues of Coinstar are in much higher increasing trends as compared to CVS Company which shows the company has a lot of potential to grow sales. (Coinstar Inc. Annual Report 2011) Both the companies CVS and Coinstar are

Proposal for Wind Farm Using Windpro Software

Proposal for Wind Farm Using Windpro Software INTRODUCTION: The world is experiencing an extraordinary boom of renewable energy as never before in the history. The main reason for this is mainly global warming, which is reflected by the greenhouse effect, resulting in a large part in rising temperatures. Two figures to visualize this boom; According to IEA (International Energy Agency) two wind turbines are installed every hour in China and every day and according to the same source 500,000 photovoltaic panels are installed throughout the world. So, what makes renewable energies optimistic? The answer is that there are two very powerful motor behind that: The first is the human genius thanks to which we have made giant steps in the renewable energy to the point that they become almost as profitable as the sources of classic energy. For example, according to IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency) the cost of photovoltaics decreases by 70% between 2010 and 2015 same thing with regard to wind energy with a decrease of 40% When the second engine is the political will with mainly the signing of the decree like the COP, the public subsidy, the different facilities offered, etc. PURPOSE: The main purpose of this report this to make a technical-economic design of a wind farm in a choosing place using wind pro software to attract potential investors. PROBLEM: The criteria for choosing a wind power plant depend on the size, power and number of units. The efficiency of a wind turbine depends on the regularity and the power of the wind. The most interesting sites are generally located by the sea or to the tops of hills and clear mountains. It can also be a solution in countries where the interconnection lines will not succeed because of the low population density even if the winds are not optimum. Having the freedom to choose a site, and coming from Algeria my assessment will be focused in one of the most favourable area to install a wind farm this country, the choice of the size and the number of the turbines will be according to the meteorological and natural conditions of the region and they will be discussed later on. SCOPE : Mainly focused towards fossil fuel energy, the renewable energy sector still poorly exploited in Algeria or at least not at all, the assessments of wind and solar sources are not deeply studied, for the moment the installations available are mostly orientated on experimental basis, few amount for investment and means of research are the principal reason for that despite of the big potential available, specially on solar power where 84% of the country is covert by the Sahara. Until nowadays 98% of the electrical production in Algeria come from gas, the lasts years increase evolutions in power demand, followed by the falling oil prices have caused a significant budget deficit since the state subsidizes in full the gas destined for the production of electricity, up to 5.5 billion $ in 2014 according to Sonatrach (the Algerian energy company) with an increase of 10% of the energy consumption each year. Following that and in view of the circumstances in 2015 the Algerian state has declared a national development program for renewable energy with the target to create 22000 MW of power by 2030, 4500 MW will be realized from here to 2020 according to the CREG (commission for the regulation of electricity and gas). The renewable energy development programme in MW (source www.creg.gov.dz) I. Wind assessment: 1.literature assessment: Several studies about the wind resources in Algeria has been done, and a general wind map was so created with a data measured from a distance of 10m above the ground level, the main methods used were mainly numerical simulations, and extrapolations with the help of meteorological data and several measuring points; In 2000 a study from Dr N. Kasbadji Merzouk aiming to the creation of a wind chart in Algeria has been published and the results of the annual mean wind speed was illustrated in a map: In this case of study, 10 years wind speed data from 26 stations has been used, and additional data from The National Office of Meteorology in Algeria has been included in order to refine the extrapolation results, Further calculation that take the 10 m above the ground results to 25m by interpolation had shown the map below : Lasts research in 2013 that took new meteorological data and much more measurement points compared by the one above has been done by Dr. Sidi Mohammed Boudia show results as follows: Thru those studies we can tell clearly that the main wind speed is concentrated in the south west of the country and specially in the region of Adrar (about 1500km south west of the capital Algiers) where we can see a mean speed of up to 6.5 m/s at 10 m above the ground and up to 7m/s at 25m height, those results are still acceptable for a large onshore project in the way where they push us to know what about the wind speed in up to 100m. In 2013, an open access data platform has been launched by the international renewable energy agency (IRENA) called the global atlas for Renewable energy, this project is the result of international collaboration from several research institutes like DTU wind energy, private companies and governments, the aim was to bring an easy and a simple way for accessing data and analysis for renewable energy assessment. Using this platform, we can find some data that goes up to 200m, we can see the results as below: (a) These maps show successively the wind speed in the country at 50m, 100m, 200m. from here and even if the results are not the most accurate, we can see that the real potential of the wind energy in Algeria is becoming more interesting. 2. WindPro assessment : Having a preliminary knowledge about the wind speed in the country and using the results found on the different research and studies, our assessment using windpro will be focused in the windiest area, namely the Area of Adrar. The characteristics of the terrain strongly influence the wind flow and thus play an important role in the geographical extrapolation of the wind regime. The WindPRO software and the WAsP flow model are used for this study. WAsP requires a terrain definition through the following input data: elevation, roughness and other obstacles to wind flow Site description: Fatiha Ben Miloud and AL, who have moved to the region to identify some sites in which the wind farm can be installed, claimed that a site has been particularly predominant for its proximity to the electrical substations of Sonelgaz (national society of electricity and gas) This site is located about 73 km north of the town of Adrar. with an altitude of about 260 m. The available area is large,the topography is flat and the roughness of the ground is weak. Apart from the substation and the electric poles, there are no obstacles in the vicinity of this site. The pictures taken by Fatiha Ben Miloud below show the morphology of the terrain near the Sonelgaz substation. North side West side East side South side Additionally the site is ideal for transport where it is near the road axis Adrar Timimoun , but the most advantageous is that this site is located close to a HVV substation which reduces construction costs. From here we can choose the right location using windpro, which requires an exact spot in the beginning to do further simulation. the images above shows the site of the wind farm using Windpro and the Openstreetmap data , we can confirm the research done by Fatiha Ben Miloud about the potential of this area ; the availability of the space is huge , the link to the site is easy ,and there is no perturbation with the surrounding. BLABLABLABLABLABL Wind regime on site: defining the wind regime on a chosen site are usually done using meteorological measure instruments called anemometers, those devices are specially used to do wind assessments like speed and direction. It is highly recommended to make up to 2 years of measurements on the site in the beginning of a project, and the more traditional methods of that is to stand a mast. Being the most economical solution compares to Sodar and Lidar which can be very expensive despite de accuracy, the mast can be set up to the desired height of measurement and can carries several instruments for temperature measurement and mainly anemometers. Cups anemometers the most commonly used, figures below can show some designs of those devices, the operating principle is simple; the torque generating from the turning cups under the effect of win, will be transformed in to electrical signal, this last will be calibrated and transformed in to wind speed output. In this case of study. Meteorological data on windpro were given from METAR (METeorological Aerodrome Report) in the closest local aerodrome of Adrar and being designed for only national flight this aerodrome is small and not a very active one, the measurements are taken every 180 minutes from a height of 10m, the table below summaries the monitoring of the wind in the area : Meteo data Adrar_TOUAT_SYNOP_60-620_N27.880_W00.280 Type de station METAR/SYNOP System Cup anemometer Places of observation Control TOWER ( TWR) height 10m Observation Every 180 minuts Intervalle used 01/01/2007 to 13/04/2016 Even if the specification model of the anemometer was not found in the different documentations, the picture below shows clearly the usage of a cup anemometer in the control tower of the  aerodrome. We can also notice and for a software reason that the interval of the measurement stops at 13/04/2016 even if the interval wanted was for 10 years. The data results from the Metar station are listed in the table below: Height M 10 Weibull mean speed m/s 5.9 Weibull A m/S 6.7 Weibull K 2.01 Main wind direction NNE, ENE We normally describe the wind variations at a given site using a Weibull distribution like the one The shape of the curve is determined by a so-called shape parameter equal to 1.750. This graph is a probability distribution (frequency distribution). The probability that the wind blows at any speed (including zero) is necessarily equal to 100%, the area below the curve will always be exactly 1. The statistical distribution of wind speeds varies from place to place as it depends on the local climatic conditions, the landscape and its surface. The Weibull distribution therefore tends to vary, both in form and in average value. These results show the concordance between the research carried out in the literature assessment done in the first part and the data analysis from windpro , where we can see clearly that the dominant wind direction is NNE and ENE , with a mean speed of 5.9m/s Additionally, to this, the WAsP methodology is used to extrapolate selected wind statistics up to 50 m and later on up to the hub height and up to the location of each wind turbine. The purpose of that is to see the real potential of the wind at a more height altitudes. Roughness and elevation are the two crucial factors to do wind measurement, this step is crucial when using windpro and more precisely for WAsP. Elevation: The wind regime can be strongly influenced by elevation differences. The terrain elevation is modeled within a radius of 5 km and is based on the NASAs Radar Topography Mission SRTM data. The contours are then generated with an altitude difference of 10 m between two successive curves. Roughness: The roughness is a key parameter of the equation that models the vertical wind profile Any change in roughness causes a change in the vertical wind profile. The impact at the measuring or hub height can vary greatly as a function of the distance from the change in roughness and atmospheric conditions. Mettre 50 METRE II.WIND FARM : Wind turbines: Whatever in size, power or efficiency, the choice of the wind turbine depends on several parameters; The nature of the terrain where it will be sitting, the wind resources in the area and the noise level are some of the main criteria and specially for a wind farm development. but further that, the availability and reliability of the models needed in addition of the spare parts are very important factor that decide if yes or not the turbine is taken into consideration. And finally, the availability of warranty, and proximity of operation and maintenance teams is also more than desirable. Being heavily integrated in Algeria and specially in the energy field, the choice of the US manufacturer GE (General Electric) was made in a strategic point of view in the way where possessing a very large infrastructure, plus an infallible experience in the country, GE can without a big difficulty manufactured the wind turbines in Algeria, which can minimize the costs and facilitate the transport as well as the installation On this case of study, two different type wind turbines and 16 in total had been choosen: Model N °1: Model reference: GE WIND GE 2.5-120-2,500 number 8 Hub heights: 98.3 m Rotor diameter: 120 m Power rated: 2500 KW Frequency: 50 Hz Noise: 106 dBA Class : IEC IIIs Commissioning : 2014 Technology: Model based controls Cold weather extreme *GE claimed that this model has the worlds most efficient high output wind turbine and has a competitive power value at low wind speed with 98% of reliability from its global fleet. Model N °2: Model reference: GE WIND GE 1.7-100-1,700 Number 8 Hub heights: 96m Rotor diameter: 100 m Power rated: 1700 KW Frequency: 50 Hz Noise: 107 to 105 dBA with low noise trailing edge technology Class : IEC IIIs Commissioning : 2013 Technology: Model based controls, low noise trailing edge, vortex generators, weak grid support *GE claimed that this model has the best in class capacity factor with high energy capture in low wind speed environments. The specific choice of those two model was mainly done because of their high efficiency in low wind speed specially when our farm site has a wind speed lower than 10m/s. Sitting: the choice of the sitting of the wind turbine depend mainly in the available area in the site, the nature of the terrain, and the wind direction, those characteristics define the number of the turbine as well as the way of the sitting. In our case, even with the availability of a big, flat and empty area, the sitting of the wind turbines will be in two straight rows with 8 x GE 2.5-120-2,500 in the front and 8 x GE 1.7-100-1,700, The two rows are facing the wind flow an angle of 127 °. the main reason for this configuration is gain the maximum of power with a smaller area of usage in the way where the more powerful turbines are sitting in front of the less powerful ones, but with a particularity where even if the front turbines will absorb the energy SEE GUIDENCE SITTING PDF TO CONTINUE MICROSITTING figure : // The long-term wind regime expected at the representative height at the location of the wind turbines is shown in Table and Figure The mean wind speed at hub height at the location of each Wind turbine is included in Annex E. Location E 1,377,483 N 3,181,536 WT model GE 2.5-120-2,500 GE 1.7-100-1,700 Height m 98.3 96m Weibull mean speed m/s 9.0 8.9 Weibull A m/s 10 10.08 Weibull K 2.521 8.9 Main wind direction NNE, ENE NNE, ENE figure : ge 2500 Figure GE 1,7 Noise: The noise caused by wind turbines and specially in by a wind farm is an important element of the acceptance, or refusal, of these machines by neighboring populations where it can be a source of annoyance and perturbations. It should therefore be assessed, with special care, during public inquiries; And then checked, after start-up of the machines, by measurements in the field. METTRE LE COMPOSANT QUI FAIT LE BRUITThanks to Windpro, we can perform noise calculations for all the farm. In order to do that, we indicated to the software the average wind speed at this point, but also the height at which we wanted our measurements (the hub), with the help of de wind turbine technical characteristic from the manufacturer. we were able to obtain the results (ANNEXE) in the form of a map in figure It is then found that at the foot of the wind turbine, there is between 50 and 100 decibels of noise, which corresponds to the noise of a washing machine. But when one moves away from it, the noise falls below 35 decibels, which simply corresponds to the noises normally heard in fields or in a forest. It can be concluded that, choosing this clear empty field was a very good idea, even with the existence of a small inhabitant village at 3km nearby, the farm will not be hampered by the noise of wind turbines. This is why we would have the right to install the wind turbines. Having not found the legislation for the distances from the residential premises in Algeria. Distances from some European countries can be given for example. in France, it is not allowed to install a wind turbine within 500m of a dwelling, Denmark and Sweden, the limit is 300m. Shadow: As introduced on the ZVI section. The rotation of the blades causes a periodic interruption of the sunlight (stroboscopic effect) which may possibly be unpleasant. This phenomenon can easily be anticipated. It is highlighted when the sun is low and when the sky is clear of any cloud. The periods of this phenomenon are generally very short and can be seen only near wind turbines. Using windpro, assumptions for shadow calculations are set up as following: -Calculate only when more than 20 % of sun is covered by the blade -Minimum sun height over horizon for influence 3  ° -Day step for calculationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨1 days -Time step for calculation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨1 minutes The calculated times are worst case given by the following assumptions: -The sun is shining all the day, from sunrise to sunset -The rotor plane is always perpendicular to the line from the WTG to the sun -The WTG is always operating A ZVI (Zones of Visual Influence) calculation is performed before flicker calculation so non-visible WTG do not contribute to calculated flicker values. A WTG will be visible if it is visible from any part of the receiver window. Ones again the we can confirm the good choice of this area, the shadow flickering provided from the wind turbine is out of all king of disruption, where even the near village at 3km down the wind farm wont be exposed by the shadow, the only disadvantage is the flicker on the road nearby where we can see from 10 to 30 hours per year in the worst case but we can conclude that even with that, it will not cause any problems at all. ZVI: The installation of wind turbines modifies the landscape. Given their large size, they mark space and are part of a logic of good landscape integration. Wind turbines need to be placed in sites exposed to the wind. The degree of visibility is influenced by factors such as the type of landscape, the number and design of wind turbines, the way they are arranged on the farm, their color and the number of blades. Other aspect of the visual impact that will be discuss in the next section is the shadow flickering; During rotation, the blades must cast shadows intermittently, resulting in a flicker or blinking effect on the surrounding area. This effect can cause problems for the population close to the wind farms. Its intensity depends on the rotor speed and direction, the number of hours of sunshine and the geographical location of the installation. Assumptions done using WindPro for ZVI calculation are as follow: -Center for calculation: UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 30 East: 787,969 North: 3,152,257 -Width of calculation area: 5,118 m -Height of calculation area: 4,893 m -Calculation stepà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨: 25 m -Eye heightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨:1.5 m -Calculation area: 2,504 ha -Highest relevant visible part of a WTG: Hub height + 1à ¢Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾2 rotor diameter -Obstacles used in calculation: 0 -No area objects used in calculation -New WTGs used in calculation: 16 The results of this show that all the 16-wind turbines are visible from the hole calculation area of approximatively 2,500 ha, we can admit that this is one of the biggest disadvantage for having a flat area and specially where it can be visible for the near village situated at 3km down the wind farm , but à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ IL FAUT VOIR LA LIMITE

Portayal of the King in Shakespeares Tragedy of Hamlet Essay -- Willi

Analysis of Shakespeare During Elizabethan times, the survival and longevity of the king or queen was essential for the subjects of the kingdom. The monarchy unified the kingdom, saw to its prosperity, and protected its subjects from foreign invasion. The king was the most important person within the kingdom and without him the kingdom would collapse. Shakespeare echoes this thought back to his audience in The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Act 3, Scene3, lines 11 through 23 through a passage recited by Rosencrantz. In lines 1 through 7, King Claudius is ordering Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to take the now-deemed-mad Hamlet to England. King Claudius fears for his kingdom and his own life having viewed the re-enactment of Claudis's actions in murdering Prince Hamlet's father, depicting how Claudius came to occupy the throne by marrying Queen Gertrude, his brother's wife in the play "The Mousetrap." King Claudius is requesting that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern remove Prince Hamlet from the castle and the kingdom to keep Claudius out of harm's way. In lines 11-23, Rosencrantz replies to King Claudius's statement, affirming the King's reasoning as to why Prince Hamlet should be removed from the kingdom. This is the passage in its entirety. The single and peculiar life is bound With all the strength and armour of the mind To keep itself from noyance; but much more That spirit upon whose weal depends and rests The lives of many. The cease of majesty Dies not alone, but like a gulf doth draw What's near it with it. It is a massy wheel Fixed on the summit of the highest mount, To whose huge spokes ten thousand lesser thing... ...speare has written the play in such a way that the immediate successors to the throne, Queen Gertrude and Prince Hamlet are both murdered leaving no rightful heir for Denmark. Shakespeare provides no further explanation about the outcome of the kingdom beyond Hamlet's death other than that of Fortinbras, the Prince of Norway, takes the throne. As an audience we are left with questions. Do Rosencrantz's prophecies come to pass? Does the Kingdom of Denmark fall apart with the sound of a groan or does the kingdom sigh in response to the simple matter of power exchanging hands? The answers are as silent as the ghosts of Denmark. Works Cited Shakespear, William. "The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark." The Norton Shakespeare Based on the Oxford Edition. Eds. Greenblatt, Stephen, Walter Cohen, Jean E. Howard, Katharine Eisaman Maus. New York: W. W. Norton, (1997).

Global Food Prices

Why Did Global Food Prices Rise? 1. Farmers in the United States and in Europe benefit from government policies to promote the production of ethanol because they receive government subsidies to produce crops that can be turned into biofuels and it gives the farmers an incentive to plant crops such as corn and soybeans. However, this policy harms foreign producers of these foreign crops. Since U. S. nd European farmers have subsidies, they have lower costs than the foreign farmers and the foreign farmers may struggle to compete. The high tariffs on imported sugar cane in the United States and Europe benefit the American and European farmers of corn and soybeans because since the price of sugar cane is higher, sugar cane farmers cannot compete with the other farmers. These farmers who produce crops such as soybeans and corn used to create biofuel benefit because the cost of producing these crops is lower than sugar.Thus, the American and European farmers of corn and soybeans benefit, w hile farmers of sugar cane, such as Brazilian farmers, are harmed because they cannot compete in the American and European market for biofuel because their prices are higher due to the tariffs. The environment is also harmed because the biofuel made out of sugar cane burns cleaner than ethanol made of corn or soybeans. 2. With the risk of the food supply in poorer nations being dramatically reduced, leading to malnourishment and starvation, rich countries should assist in preventing this phenomenon from happening.Rich countries could help lower the food prices by not giving subsidies to farmers who produce crops that are used to produce biofuels. Since the subsidy gives farmers incentives to farm crops such as corn and soybeans, it takes away resources and land to produce other crops used primarily for consumption. If countries stop giving subsidies for crops used to produce ethanol, more energy and resources can therefore be used to farm crops used primarily for food, such as wheat .If more food crops are produced, the price will go down for these crops due to the theory of supply and demand, since there will be more food for consumption. By eliminating subsidies on crops such as soybeans and corn, wealthier nations can help increase the food supply, which will benefit poorer nations. 3. In terms of creating a healthier environment, the governments should continue to distribute subsidies to farmers of crops used to create ethanol because it will expedite the transition from gasoline to ethanol, thus creating cleaner energy sources faster.However, from a free trade standpoint, the subsidies give foreign producers of similar or substitute crops to be at a disadvantage because the subsidies favor domestic farmers through decreasing costs. I think the best policy to implement to lower CO2 emissions without further inhibiting trade would be to keep the subsidies at the level they currently are at because cleaning up the environment is a serious and important concer n, but it should not be done if it causes significant harm to free trade and market systems.

conflicting personalities essays

conflicting personalities essays The characters in John Knowles A Separate Peace contain personalities that convey to summer and winter session. Summer session represents livelihood, care free, being happy, and just having fun. While on the other hand, winter session represents a depressing atmosphere, more solemn, studying hard, and somberness. Gene is a quiet, soft spoken, and intelligent introvert. First, Gene excels in academics, while Finny exceeds in sports. This is shown when Gene says, It was the first test I had ever flunked (42), after ditching class and riding there bicycles to the beach with Finny. This shows how Gene is a very intelligent young man, who has never failed a test once, before that incident. In addition, Gene is withdrawn and always feels that he has to impress Finny. He cannot speak up for himself when he feels compelled to. The reader sees this when reading Genes thoughts, I went along, I never missed a meeting. It never occurred to me to say, I dont feel like it tonight, which was the plain truth every night...Were off, pal, Finny would call out, and acting against every instinct of my nature, I went without a thought of protest(26). This reveals the fact that Gene cannot stand up for himself. He goes along with others even when deep down inside, he does not want to. Lastly, getting good grad es and being the best student does not come easy for Gene. This is seen while Finny talks to Gene and says, I didnt know you had to study, I didnt think you ever did. I thought it just came to you (50). This shows that what hes good at doesnt come natural to him like Finny. He has to work hard to achieve his goal. Finny is the most popular, athletic, and outgoing student in Devon School, although he is not so good in his studies. This notion is supported as Finny plays the role of being the carefree leader that he is. Gene ...

Guide on How to Write an Anthropology Essay with Ease

Guide on How to Write an Anthropology Essay with Ease Need help in writing a challenging anthropology essay? Being a social science, anthropology mostly consists of an argument about how certain social facts are to be interpreted. Modern anthropology cannot be regarded as a unified body of knowledge and only few anthropology issues have been resolved. Anthropology as a science is a dialectical production so we can’t find many generally accepted answers. That’s why an anthropology essay has to show not just some factual knowledge, but also demonstrate your ability to present arguments and counter-arguments about particular issues and assess them. In this article, you will find an easy guide to writing an anthropology essay, a short list of good anthropology essay topics, and some useful anthropology essay writing tips that will help you succeed. What is An Anthropology Essay? Students who study anthropology are commonly assigned to write short essays where they have to discuss some challenging and controversial material that they study in class. These may be reflective essays such as reflections written in the journal-entry style and you may be asked to synthesize some concepts and other information that was covered in class lectures, readings, and discussions. Such essays require strong organization and logical development of the ideas and are based on the in-depth research of scholarly sources. Review the Assignment Guidelines or Choose a Topic Understanding what exactly you have to do for completing your anthropology essay can really help you in every step on the way. Read carefully the entire assignment before you start writing. If there is something that you don’t understand, ask your instructor to explain it to you. Your assignment may have several parts so pay attention to each of them and find out how many issues you have to address in your anthropology essay. When reading your assignment, make sure that you fully understand the keywords. Your assignment may ask you to comment, analyze, identify, reflect, describe etc. and your task will be to give a specific and clear commentary, analysis, reflection, description etc. You should also determine and underline the key subjects of the assignment for your essay because you will need to consider all of them when making an outline. If the topic for your essay was not given by your instructor, you need to choose a topic that you are interested in. You should do preliminary research to find out if it is possible to find enough credible primary and secondary sources that have the information needed for your argument. Besides, you should take care that the topic is narrow enough so you will be able to cover it in your essay. If the topic is too broad, you should narrow it and make it manageable. Take a look at this short list of interesting anthropology essay topics that you may use to get started. Anthropology Essay Topics for Your Consideration: The Development of Anthropology in the Digital Age The Relationship between Language and Culture Problems of Researching Food Habits Religious Beliefs and Practices of Ancient Maya Marriage in Primitive Societies New Directions in the Anthropology of Gender The Anthropology of Tourism Education in the Era of Globalization Art as a Cultural Phenomenon Climate Change as a Human Problem A History of Economic Anthropology The Future of Visual Anthropology Aids in Africa Health and Income Differences Third World Poverty Structure of an Anthropology Essay An anthropology essay consists of three main parts, just like any other academic essay: an introduction, the body, and a conclusion. The Introduction The introduction has to foreshadow your argument and present your topic and the key ideas that you are going to argue in your essay. You should end this part of an essay with a thesis statement or research question. A clear thesis is the key component of analytical papers and it should identify precisely what you will discuss in the body of your essay. It’s vital to revise your thesis statement as your essay develops because, most likely, you will need to make some changes. As you write, you will realize more ideas, and some ideas that you originally included in the thesis statement may become less prominent for your essay. The Body The body of your anthropology essay should be broken into sections that should discuss a major theme and each section should be broken into several paragraphs. The paragraphs are the building blocks of your essay and each paragraph should be devoted to a single main idea. You should ensure that every main idea flows logically to the next. Clarity and organization are the keys to a successful essay and you can achieve it only by careful planning, referring back to the reading material as you write you paragraphs, and revision of what you have written as you proceed. While working on the body of your essay, you should develop your discussion coherently and ensure that all the sentences and paragraphs in your anthropology essay follow logically from one another. The Conclusion The conclusion should include a brief summary of your essay’s topic and highlight the relevant points of your argument. You need to present a final answer to your research question or provide an assessment of the problem. A well-written conclusion is your chance to show how coherent your previous sections are in answering your essay question. It’s your last chance to impress your readers so try to end your anthropology essay as effectively and neatly as possible. Planning Your Anthropology Essay Before you start writing your paper, you should make a brief outline of each part of your project, taking into account the basic essay structure. It will help you present a clear and logical picture. Different students prefer different methods. You can make a traditional outline or use any other popular techniques such as a ‘knowledge tree’ or a ‘mind map’. These techniques may not work well for everyone but they are worth trying. Typically, you should address your essay question through several logical steps such as introduction, specific component sections, relevant scholarly sources, etc. These steps lead you from your essay question into analysis and further discussion and back to the answer of your research question. Students who use brainstorming and create a ‘mind map’ as a part of the planning process can get three valuable outcomes: they can identify the information that may be irrelevant for their topic; they will be able to achieve a flowing writing style where every point connects to the next one; they will spend less time writing in a coherent style so they will have more time rereading, editing, and reshaping the final anthropology essay draft. In general, making outlines helps when planning out the essay’s organization before you add some details, support for your ideas, and style. Use of Sources and Quotations You should write your anthropology essay in your own words even if you think they are awkward. Of course, you should use quotations, but the quotation and paraphrasing should not account for more than 10% of your essay. And it’s crucial that you should properly cite the reference materials that you use in your project and give credit to these sources for the data or ideas that you borrow. If you paraphrase or quote another person’s work without acknowledgment, it is considered plagiarism which is not acceptable in any academic field. You should cite your sources carefully. Usually, your instructor will provide you with guidelines on how to cite your sources, but if he/she doesn’t provide you with specific instructions, you may check the American Anthropological Association Style Guide. You should be cautious when you use quotes because usually, instructors are likely to be more interested in how you express your own ideas to support your argument and not in how you collect different quotes no matter how good they are. Your instructors actually want to know what you think so it’s quite possible to complete a good academic essay with the minimal use of quotes. You should use a quotation only if you need it to make a point and you have to provide an explanation why you are using a quote. You should provide the source of information every time you give facts or figures, paraphrase or summarize someone else’s argument or make a direct quotation. It will allow your audience to follow up on the information that is cited, to determine the parts of your anthropology essay that are original, and check the truth of your statements. You must acknowledge all sources in the list of references or bibliography at the end of your essay and in the text. At the end of the quote, you just have to put in parenthesis the last name of the author, the year of publication, a colon, and the number of the page. Footnotes or endnotes may be also sparingly used if you want to clarify or expand some side issues or details that are relevant to the essay but it would not be appropriate to expand them within an argument of your anthropology essay. Polishing the Draft No one can write a perfect first draft so when you start writing, don’t care too much about your grammar and style because you will fix it later. At this stage, you should concentrate on the content of your essay and do your best to answer the essay question and argue your thesis statement clearly and logically. To succeed in writing an impressive essay, you will need to revise all or some parts of the paper several times. Revision is an important part of the writing process. You have to review the components of your essay and make changes in the content and structure to ensure that your essay focuses on the topic and provides a good answer to the essay questions. Typically, you will need to add, delete and reorganize your material, doing the global revision. Besides, you will have to edit your essay and do the so-called surface-level revision. When you complete your final draft, you have to check the logical flow and organization and make sure that your arguments in different parts of your essay are consistent with each other and all your assertions are supported with appropriate evidence. Make sure that all your paragraphs have topic sentences and include appropriate transitions. Check if the points in your discussion are clear and precise and that the discussion has an explicit overall development. Make sure that you used clearly relevant concepts, examples, arguments, categories, evidence, positions and that, for each concept, you have explained what you mean by the concept. Make sure that you have avoided wordiness and unnecessary use of the passive voice. Proofread your anthropology essay and fix grammar, spelling, and punctuation mistakes and typos. Check if you have cited the sources properly. General Anthropology Essay Writing Comments from Our Experts Try to express your ideas as clearly and concisely as possible. Use complete sentences and make them as short and succinct as possible. Your sentences should not take up more than three lines so if they do, break them down into smaller pieces that are easier to read. Your paragraphs should consist of at least three sentences. The length of your paragraphs can vary depending on the argument that you are making in your essay as well as your personal style. But if the paragraphs in your essay are too long, your readers will find them harder to follow. Do not artificially lengthen your essay with irrelevant points and excessive repetition. Keep your essay simple and use only those words that you understand. You should explain all anthropological terms that you use. Use a spell checker to fix minor errors and typos and find someone to read your essay and proof it. Keep your essay length within the word count. Your essay should not be significantly under or significantly over the word limit. Be careful with using block quotations. Never cite the work of other if you just want to fill up space and make your essay look longer.

Fascism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fascism - Essay Example typical authoritarian political ideology is about maintaining the social class and economic status quo, Fascism was initially a revolutionary ideology and movement that wanted to change the status quo in favor of purification of the national race and cultural heritage. This was apparent during the Second World War in the nations of Germany, Italy, and Spain. Fascism grew popular in these countries due to several factors. The world economy was undergoing the Great Depression and many nations were trying to maintain themselves from slipping into total economic downfall. This led to the mentioned nations to focus more on their own national development and forego foreign trade and free enterprise for a more nationalized and regulated economy. Another factor would be the result of the Treaty of Versailles after the First World War, which especially hurt the national pride of Germany. Germany was stripped of its military strength and its position in world affairs. This led to the rise of the Fascist Nazi party which wanted to restore the pride of Germany while forwarding the glory of the Aryan race. Most of the people in these countries were drawn to Fascist rule because it appealed to their sense of national pride and beliefs during a hard time. Fascis t ideology inspired people because it made them believe that they can be strong as long as they are united as a race and group without the taint of outside or contrary political and cultural

Americas History of Immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Americas History of Immigration - Essay Example To begin with, the most notable point in the American Immigration history lies in the creation of its colonial era. The American experience was perceived as a colony where there would be freedom as well as a feeling of mutual bonding. (Parrillo, 2002) This was first demonstrated by the Puritans who built the first English colony at Jamestown, Virginia, in the year 1607. These efforts were replicated by various communities throughout the two century old immigration experience of the United States. Therefore, the turning point was the creation of a model which was to be followed by the variety of people arriving at the American shores, so as create an essentially American way of life. (Gjerde, 1998. Pp 288 to 290 ) Another turning point came in the form of the framing of the US Constitution in the nineteenth century. This helped the diverse American population gain an insight into what was typically American. The Constitution laid special emphasis on freedom, which led to the definition of various unique groups and their ways of living. The Constitution provided the necessary impetus that forced the people to unite on the common grounds of secularism and freedom. Also, with a new focus on new age terms like welfare state and public policy, there was a mass paradigm shift towards understanding the plight of the various communities and creating a platform upon which they may voice their issues and thus gain new insights into public life. (Parrillo, 2002) The election of Andrew Jackson in 1828, as the first "outsider" to be elected as the President, paved the way for the creation of an America that could expand its frontiers through the sheer power of diversity presented by the people thronging it. (Palmer, 2005) This trend was further fuelled through the modifications rendered to public policy to cater to the needs of minorities who were fast taking to America as their homeland. There was a new brand of administrative policy activism during this period, which triggered federal immigration policies to be restructured along dynamic innovative lines. Further, nationhood and social order were described during this period in terms of the ethnicities and their diverse needs. The coming of the Irish to the American shores during the 1800s ushered an age of renewed political agenda aimed at the so called "outsiders". The Irish settled around New England, poised for a greater role in the political affairs of the nation. This brought about a new breed of causal politicians who showed America what culture and refinement feel like. Having followed directly after the abolishment of slavery and the migration of the Southern Blacks towards the Northern industrial states, the migration of the Irish served to better understand and define freedom in terms of the ethnic diversity thronging the American shores. (Parrillo, 2002) Further, the progressive movement was closely followed by the First World War, where the traveling American was brought face to face with social issues on the home front. There was an acknowledgement of the fact that the social dictates of the land had grown to disproportionate dimensions in the face of multi cultural interactions. This led to the need for government action during the 1900s in a bid to demonstrate the ideal American family. While many Asian communities were averse to these trends, the second generation immigrants were more forgiving.

More Efficient Software System for the University Research Proposal - 1

More Efficient Software System for the University - Research Proposal Example Apart from direct cost implications, the current system forces the University personnel to work overtime in an effort to clear up work baggage. This unfolding is not only inconveniencing to the staff but also results in additional costs of labor for the overtime work. In line with the above challenges facing the current computer system used in the University, I have opted to present a proposal of that, if implemented, will see the entire system replaced with a more efficient software system. The new system targets to improve efficiency in all University departments by minimizing on the cost of maintenance, enhance the rate and quality of service delivery and minimize the instances that University staff is forced to work overtime (Miner, J. T., and Miner, L. E., 2008). The Problems Related to the Previous System The University has in recent years seen an unprecedented rise in the number of students enrolled for various programs. According to the records from the admissions department, the total number of in-session students at any moment is estimated to stand at 10,000. In relation to the system used to serve these students, it is undeniable that its capacity is by far being outstretched. The current system was installed when the university was starting implying it was meant to serve just but a few numbers of the students in the University at the time. As such, the current system has become exceedingly slow thanks to the high number of records it has to keep. This has resulted in unnecessary and frequent delays in most of the departments. The consequence is that both the students and staff end up wasting their precious time which could otherwise be utilized in some constructive businesses. Secondly, it is not unusual for a student to visit the finance department only to be informed that the system has either crushed or developed delays and, therefore, they should come sometime later. The cumulative impact of these cases results in excessive commotion when the ex am period approaches as students scramble to get clearance from the accounts department. It is also at such moments when errors are magnified and the system could end up breaking completely. Suggested Solutions To resolve the almost perennial challenges experienced in most of the University departments, it is imperative for the University to totally overhaul the entire computer and software system and replace it with a more efficient system. Therefore, I propose that the University considers replacing the current computer system with new hardware as well as software. I further propose that the new computerized system is purchased from Systemic Company. Systemic Company is one of the renowned and dealers in computer hardware and software. If the system is installed, the University would be guaranteed of better returns with minimum cases of hiccups. To facilitate stable operational activities and processes in the University Finance department, an efficient and trust worth the computer system needs to be implemented. Such a system could be in form of application software that permits the management, tracking, and reporting of all processes that takes places in the department. Systemic Software is designed to achieve this purpose.